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A runlevel is a mode of operation in the computer operating systems that implement Unix System V-style initialization. Conventionally, seven runlevels exist, numbered from zero to six. S is sometimes used as a synonym for one of the levels. Only one runlevel is executed on startup; run levels are not executed one after another (i.e. only runlevel 2, 3, or 4 is executed, not more of them sequentially or in any other order).

A runlevel defines the state of the machine after boot. Different runlevels are typically assigned (not necessarily in any particular order) to the single-user mode, multi-user mode without network services started, multi-user mode with network services started, system shutdown, and system reboot system states. The exact setup of these configurations varies between operating systems and Linux distributions. For example, runlevel 4 might be a multi-user GUI no-server configuration on one distribution, and nothing on another. Runlevels commonly follow the general patterns described in this article; however, some distributions employ certain specific configurations.

In standard practice, when a computer enters runlevel zero, it halts, and when it enters runlevel six, it reboots. The intermediate runlevels (1–5) differ in terms of which drives are mounted and which network services are started. Default runlevels are typically 3, 4, or 5. Lower runlevels are useful for maintenance or emergency repairs, since they usually don't offer any network services at all. The particular details of runlevel configuration differ widely among operating systems, and also among system administrators.

In various Linux distributions, the traditional /etc/rc script used in the Version 7 Unix was first replaced by runlevels and then by systemd states on most major distributions.

Standard runlevels[edit]

Linux[edit]

Although systemd is, as of 2016, used by default in most major Linux distributions, runlevels can still be used through the means provided by the sysvinit project. After the Linux kernel has booted, the /sbin/init program reads the /etc/inittab file to determine the behavior for each runlevel. Unless the user specifies another value as a kernel boot parameter, the system will attempt to enter (start) the default runlevel.

Linux Standard Base specification[edit]

Systems conforming to the Linux Standard Base (LSB) need not provide the exact run levels given here or give them the meanings described here, and may map any level described here to a different level which provides the equivalent functionality.^[1]

Slackware Linux[edit]

Slackware Linux uses runlevel 1 for maintenance, as on other Linux distributions; runlevels 2, 3 and 5 identically configured for a console (with all services active); and runlevel 4 adds the X Window System.

Gentoo Linux[edit]

Unix[edit]

System V Releases 3 and 4[edit]

Solaris[edit]

Insurgency batman. Starting from Solaris 10, SMF (Service Management Facility) is used instead of SVR4 run levels. The latter are emulated to preserve compatibility with legacy startup scripts.^[5]

HP-UX[edit]

AIX[edit]

AIX does not follow the System V R4 (SVR4) runlevel specification, with runlevels from 0 to 9 available, as well as from a to c (or h). 0 and 1 are reserved, 2 is the default normal multi-user mode and runlevels from 3 to 9 are free to be defined by the administrator. Runlevels from a to c (or h) allow the execution of processes in that runlevel without killing processes started in another.

The S, s, M and m runlevels are not true runlevels, but are used to tell the init command to enter maintenance mode. When the system enters maintenance mode from another runlevel, only the system console is used as the terminal.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^Almost all systems use runlevel 1 for this purpose. This mode is intended to provide a safe environment to perform system maintenance. Originally this runlevel provided a single terminal (console) interface running a root login shell. The increasing trend towards physical access to the computer during the boot process has led to changes in this area.
2. ^The additional behavior of runlevel 1 varies greatly. All distributions provide at least one virtual terminal. Some distributions start a login shell as the superuser; some require correctly entering the superuser's password; others provide a login prompt, allowing access to any registered user.
3. ^In some cases, runlevels 2 and 3 function identically, offering a multi-user mode with networking.

References[edit]

1. ^'Chapter 20. System Initialization 20.5. Run Levels'. Linux Standard Base Core Specification 4.1. 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-21.
2. ^'Chapter 15. Commands and Utilities 15.2. Command Behavior'. Linux Standard Base Core Specification 4.1. 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-21.
3. ^'Slackware Linux Runlevels'. Retrieved 2013-06-11.
4. ^'Gentoo Linux Runlevels'. Retrieved 2013-06-11.
5. ^Amrita Sadhukhan. 'Solaris Boot Process'. Sun. Retrieved 2009-08-19.

External links[edit]

• Runlevel Definition - by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
• What are run levels? - LinuxQuestions.org
• chkconfig, a utility for querying and updating runlevel-controlled services

Level 6Going To The Lu'Meet up with Apu at the Arcade parking lot. You must talk with Otto afterwards.

He is in the parking lot, so it's no biggie. You must grab the School Bus and collect all of the kids, then take them to Krustylu Studios before Krusty leaves. There are 15 little brats to collect, so hop to it by collecting the first two straight ahead (1, 2).Go down the stairs, and collect another kid to the right (3). Round the corners and collect the next kid straight ahead (right, 4).

On the left after the turn will be another kid (5), and one in the center down the hidden passage (6). Collect the next kid on the left (7).

Go through the Fire And Ice Hoops to collect another child (8).Once you land, even your School Bus out to grab another kid (9), and follow the business district path to collect a few more buggers (10, 11, 12). Now follow the path around the cargo ship to collect more children (13, 14, 15). Go right once on the straight path to complete the mission.Getting Down With The ClownTalk to Barney inside of the Krustylu Studios after you take out a nice vehicle (the Bandit works great, if you got the Bonus Mission done early on).

The vehicle will pull out of the studios and go right, and follow this path along the way, going through the mountainside. Basically, all you need is a fast car and you can simply stroll alongside of the vehicle.Once you reach the Observatory, you will have to 'talk' to the limo driver. Park your vehicle in front of the Krusty Limo (longwise), and get out. Go near the limo, and it will take off. Since your vehicle is blocking it, hop into your car and take off down the mountain and to the left over the dam.Follow Krusty's Limo through the city on the left after the highway ends, and cut through the stairway path, and to the right through the gas station shortcut.

Follow the path to Squidport. You can optionally go backwards from where you came from to reach Squidport, which is a lot easier. This will complete the mission.

Lab Coat CaperChat with Krusty on the boardwalk, and you will now have to find and follow Professor Frink. Finding him is not that hard, as he will zoom right passed you with his Hover Car. Hop into the Ferrini - Red and follow him up the winding road. He will take you in a complete circle from the right to the left, but since your vehicle is faster than his, it should not be a problem.Do not take the Fire And Ice Hoops shortcut, as his Hover Car is not fast enough to keep up, and he will lose you rather than you losing him. Just follow him, and he will go up the stairs shortcut, and around once again.

He will now go down the stairs, so follow him and take the gas station shortcut to catch up with him.Follow him back up through the path that you have taken, and onto the highway, or whatever you'd call it. He will go over the half-drawn bridge, so follow him. He will stop at the Observatory, where the mission can be completed.Duff For Me, Duff For YouOnce at the Observatory, chat with Professor Frink inside.

Afterwards, you must drive to the Duff Beer Factory and destroy the trucks to collect the laser guns. The 36 Stutz Bearcat is a great vehicle to use in this mission, as is the Bandit. Otherwise, it's up to you to choose.

You will have 45 seconds to make it to the Duff Brewery once you step inside of your vehicle.Once you arrive, a Duff Truck will be pulling out of the lot, so stop it. You must ram into it 6 times, and collect the 6 laser guns. Lucius iii game.

This is relatively easy, as all you must do is hit it as it turns, and we all know how many turns are down here on the boardwalk. After you have collected all 6 laser guns, return to the Duff Brewery.After you arrive at the Duff Brewery for a second time, you will need to find a laser gun to use as proof.

This is an easy task; just drive through the Krusty window in the parking lot, and go right, underneath the blimp. Get out, and climb up the crates to collect the laser gun and complete the mission.Full Metal JackassTalk to Principal Skinner near the end of the boardwalk. He has stolen the laser gun, so you must get it back by destroying his vehicle before the time limit expires. Try taking the 36 Stutz Bearcat into this mission, or another vehicle with solid armor. Even the School Bus works well. His vehicle has wonderful body armor, so you must try to cut him off into walls or other solid structures while he is going at nice, full speeds.You can also try to shove him off into oncoming traffic whenever you spot one of those big, bulky Itchy & Scratchy trucks coming your way. This may possibly destroy his vehicle completely.

After the vehicle has blown up, pick up the laser gun from the ashes to complete the mission.Set To KillDrive back to the Krustylu Studios and chat with Krusty. After this conversation, buy the Globex Super Villain Car from Kearney, who is inside of the studios lot. If you need cash, check the hidden room inside of the Krusty The Clown Show studio. Get into the newly acquired vehicle to start the mission.You must go around Springfield and take out the Laser Gun Stands before the time limit expires. Go right and destroy the first, following them into the Duff Factory lot (1, 2, 3). Hit the stand on the left side (4) and pull a tricky turn back to the right and out of the lot, hitting another stand on the way out (5).On the lot to the right, swerve in and out to hit the stand (6), and follow the path alongside of the cargo ship (7, 8, 9, 10). Go left to hit another stand (11), and follow the business district area (12, 13, 14, 15, 16).

Praying that you did not cause a Hit & Run, follow the path in between the boardwalk and Casino to hit another stand (17).Go left at the Casino ring to hit two stands (18, 19). Go up the hill to the right, and through the shortcut next to the bowling alley (20, 21). Follow this path to hit another stand (22), and follow the road (23, 24). Make a left in the gas station to collect the last (25).Follow the path all the way back to Krustylu.

Cut through the gas station shortcut, followed by the bowling alley shortcut, the Fire And Ice Hoops shortcut, and finally the beach on the left shortcut. Now simply drive back to Krustylu and speak with Krusty to complete the mission.Kang And Kodos Strike BackMeet up with Homer at the Krusty Burger near the starting point, and you will have to race to the Duff Beer Factory from here before the aliens escape from Earth. Start off by taking the road on the left and going straight through the stairway shortcut. From here, turn right and go through the gas station shortcut to gain speed on the Chase Sedan.Go through the bowling alley shortcut to take the lead, and go up the Fire And Ice Hoops. Once you land, quickly take the beach shortcut, and follow the path here, using your E-Brake very carefully in between the turns around the cargo ship, if at all. Go straight once you reach the main road to complete the task.Milking The Pigs (Bonus Mission)You can find Snake down the block from the gas station.

You will need to help him destroy Chief Wiggum's vehicle, and collect the evidence that Wiggum has in his car. I suggest taking a sturdy, yet somewhat fast vehicle, hence why the Car Built For Homer is the perfect choice.Chief Wiggum will be coming from the right, so hop into your vehicle, and ram into him head-on. After this, since you are faster than he is, try cutting him off into oncoming traffic, as well as into solid walls and such. If he is going fast enough, crashing into a solid wall will really knock him for a loop.After you destroy his vehicle, pick up the package that was dropped and take it to Snake.

You will have to backtrack and go to the Bowlarama instead. You will have to destroy a Milk Truck here. This vehicle is highly defensive to side swipes and such, so try to cut it off into a wall or something of that nature. After you destroy it by cutting it off, go back to Snake.

This will complete the mission, and unlock the Lil' Bandit.Race 1: Time TrialYou can find Milhouse on the path in between the Casino and the Boardwalk. Take a fast vehicle, such as the Bandit, and talk to him. Go up the winding road, and turn slightly. Follow the obscure format to get through the first area, and make a few left turns in succession, followed by a right turn.You must decide if you want to remain on the straightaway and go through the Fire And Ice Hoops, or cut to the right instead.

Trust me on this one, go straight. Once you land, go to the left and down the boardwalk to the beach, and cut back up through the business district. Repeat this once more after you cross the checkpoint to get the narrow victory.Race 2: Circuit RaceYou can find Nelson in the parking lot near the Midtown Krusty Burger.

Take a fast vehicle of your choice (as you have plenty now, although I suggest the Super Villain Car) to the parking lot and chat with Nelson to enter the race. Start it off, and you will have five laps to gain and stay in control of the lead until the race is over.Make some rough cuts through the corners as you progress through the course. You will have to have a good grip on your vehicle, and try not to ram into the walls too much.

There are certain turns that can give you a clear advantage, such as the second turn on the course. As the circle begins, lay off of the acceleration to pass the pole without hitting it.You will go in a complete circle back to the other side, and you'll have to take out the two light posts and stop sign on the first lap. Drive along this path on the next four laps to gain the advantage on your opponent. Try not to hit many objects, as this will slow you down. This should be enough to give you the victory.Race 3: Checkpoint RaceYou can find Ralph Wiggum over outside of the Observatory.

You can take either the Super Villain Car, or the Bandit. Both work well in this race. Start the race, and follow the path over the bridge. Once you get through with this, you will pass over the mountainside, and reach the city. Here, you will go left, and down the several stairs.Try not to cut any corners here, as they are too bumpy.

This is one of the main times to catch a break in the race, as the opponent's engine needs time to rev up. Cut through the gas station shortcut to repair and take the lead. Zoom through the Fire And Ice Hoops. Once you land, pull through the business district and around the ship onto solid road. Cut the corner on the right to get or keep your advantage and win the race.Wasp Cameras1:Drive into the alley behind the comic book store, and you'll be on a rooftop. Hop out of the vehicle, and climb up the object on the right.

To your right will be a Wasp Camera.2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9:10:11:12:13:14:15:16:17:18:19:20:Collector CardsRadioactive Man #1'Bort' License PlateAustralia BootItchy And Scratchy CelBart T-ShirtBart's Flying Hamster Science ProjectGabbo DollCostumesHugo -CadetBartmanGags1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11.